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Politics

Make America Hate Again

The title is borrowed from Timothy Egan’s astute editorial in the NYT a day after the National Republican Convention was over.

I can’t help it – must talk about the RNC as well this week. Will make it short, and let the images speak for themselves.

Who could have imagined that we would publicly witness convention speakers associate another presidential candidate with Lucifer, the devil? (Read Nicholas Kristof on Time for Exorcism here: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/07/19/opinion/campaign-stops/Republican-Convention-Day-2-Campaign-Stops.html?action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=opinion-c-col-left-region&region=opinion-c-col-left-region&WT.nav=opinion-c-col-left-region)

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Why the pig? Biblical lore has it that the demons, about to be exorcised, begged Jesus to be transplanted into a herd of pigs which promptly, like lemmings, jumped off the cliff to drown in water. If I weren’t so committed to peace, I’d wish the story could be applied to some other piglets we know.

 

 

Who could have imagined that the rabble in the hall would chant “Lock her up” after invited to do so in a mock trial by, of all people, Chris Christie? http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/christie-whips-crowd-into-a-frenzy-about-clinton-lock-her-up/article/2597041

 

 

Who could have imagined that New Hampshire state Rep. Al Baldasaro, who is also a delegate for Trump, would ask for her execution:”Clinton should be shot for treason!” on public radio?And others want to see her hung on a tree?

  http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/288510-trump-delegate-calls-for-clinton-to-be-shot-for-treason

 

It seems, the vultures are no longer circling, they have landed.

 

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Note to Trump: it takes more than balls. (And I politely will not make size comparisons either.)

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Parks and Poppies

· How politics shape our environments ·

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Don’t you love it when a book review leaves no doubt about what to read? For example, Andrea Wulf writes, “Here is my review of Stephen Buchmann’s “The Reason for Flowers” – which is a pretty terrible book. Very rambling and not enjoyable. Shame.” She herself is the justly celebrated author of The Invention of Nature, a fabulous book about the ecological visionary and humanist, Alexander von Humboldt. Ok, ignore one, read the other.

Also on my reserve-at-the-library – list: A Walk in the Park, by social historian Travis Elborough. I read the attached review in the Financial Times and was sold, particularly since the writing was claimed to have a “Monty Python-ish strain.”

http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/5b07fe36-2bf5-11e6-bf8d-26294ad519fc.html

DSC_0445According to the review the book traces the history of public parks including their role (in the eye of philanthropic Victorians) to pacify the urban poor. Post WW I park creation was increased to enhance physical fitness in young men, having shown lamentable lack thereof when conscripted earlier. And of course now parks are making way for ever larger number of shopping malls… I find it interesting to learn about what social, political or economic pressures shape environments that we take for granted.

Take the cultivation of poppies, for example, the plant from which opium and its derivatives are extracted (the German company Bayer started to produce heroin in the late 1800s, sold by the truckload to combat opium addiction in the US until it became clear that it itself was highly addictive.) The review from The Guardian below makes it clear that Julia Lovell’s book Opium War Drugs, Dreams and the Making of China should be quite the eye-opener when it comes to politics and flowers. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/sep/02/opium-war-julia-lovell-review

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Am I the only one who finds it ironic that the West has declared a war on drugs in the 20th century, when Great Britain and later France declared war twice on China in the 1800s because it tried to prohibit Western nations to sell opium in China? In the 1820s China had up to 10 Million opium smokers and addicts because of the import of opium by the British from Burma in exchange for the coveted Chinese tea. The emperor decided to ban the use of the opium which did not sit well with the sellers. The West was victorious in both wars and extracted hefty concessions from China, both monetary and in terms of ceded land (think Hongkong.) More long lasting, though, is how these wars shaped Chinese nationalism and its underlying structural narrative. It might still come to haunt us.DSC_0230

These days Afghanistan has surpassed Burma in production of opium and participates in a multibillion dollar heroin trade that benefits not just indigent political movements like the Taliban, but also organized crime and a lot of our own financial institutions because of money laundering in Western banks. The numbers about the production are mind boggling and can be found here http://www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/Afghanistan/Afghan-opium-survey-2014.pdf   

And all this from such a dainty little flower……DSC_0158

Emil Nolde: Grosser Mohn  _wsb_467x382_Nolde+Gro$C3$9Fer+Mohn+$28rot+rot+rot$29+1942+Seebu$CC$88ll

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What ever happened to NEVER AGAIN?

· Visit the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education ·

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On December 17, 2012, the Simon Wiesental Center issued a travel advisory for Copenhagen and Denmark, following a warning by the Israeli Ambassador to Denmark, advising Israelis not to wear kippot, jewelry with religious symbols, or to speak Hebrew on the streets of the Danish capital. The advisory followed reports of physical attacks on Jews in Copenhagen. This in a country which throughout Nazi occupation during WWII treated their fellow Jewish citizens as equals. And in striking acts of courage and humanity, Danes saved all 7,500 Jews from certain death at the hands of the Nazis by spiriting them out to neutral Sweden. Norway had issued a travel warning already in 2006.

Last year the Central Council of Jews in Germany advised against wearing the traditional Jewish head covering in what they called “problematic areas,” later named as Muslim neighborhoods in Berlin and other large cities. http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/german-jews-advised-against-wearing-kippah-a-1020890.html  This year, the head of the Jewish Community in Marseille followed suit, sending out a warning after an attack on a teacher (although France’s head Rabbi Haim Korsia urged Jews not to follow that advice. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/france-marseille-jews-urged-not-wear-skull-caps-public-1537608 .) Note, by the way, that many of us recoil at the idea of seeing people forced to give up their traditional religious clothing for fear of persecution, but have little to say about the state bans of wearing Hijab in many countries.

The lead montage is based on a photo taken at the Jewish Museum in Berlin (Albertine Mendelsohn-Bartholdy, by August Kaselewsky.) The museum’s paintings and photographs of middle class German Jews (see below, Max Slevogt, Familienbild Plesch 1928) bring home once again the striking fact how completely integrated and indistinguishable Jews were from the rest of the population  –  little did it do to prevent catastrophe.

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Shout out to a Jewish Museum of our own: The Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education http://www.ojmche.org  – do yourself a favor and grab the last days of their current exhibit of photographs of photojournalist Ruth Gruber who was a twentieth-century pioneer. The photographs in this exhibition span more than fifty years, from her groundbreaking reportage of the Soviet Arctic in the 1930s and iconic images of Jewish refugees from the ship Exodus 1947, to her later photographs of Ethiopian Jews in the midst of civil war in the 1980s.

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Wide Open Spaces

· The threat to public lands ·

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Dufur, population 607, is a small hamlet south of The Dalles. I found those antelope skulls in a shop window, years in a row, I might add. Photographed them on my way South to Harney County, paradise for bird lovers and hell for inhabitants visited upon by marauding militias. The attached article is a political piece on the threat to our public lands – I felt it was instructive, saddening and infuriating in equal measure. Be warned, it’s also quite long.

http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176141/tomgram%3A_william_debuys%2C_no_more_wide_open_spaces/#more

I wonder if it was a coincidence that the occupation of the Malheur Refuge Field Station happened in a county that had made enormous progress in forging alliances and compromises between players at various ends of the spectrum, from conservationist to land owners to state administrators. But the very fact that a shared attempt towards problem solving was in the works gives me hope – so let’s focus on that.

Regardless which way you travel through Oregon, you find vistas of irreplaceable beauty in those various open spaces, from the aspen groves on Mt. Hood, to the canyons of Eastern OR to the beaver creeks of Harney County. And here I’m with Woodie Guthrie:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxiMrvDbq3s – it’s our land.

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The Right to Dry

· The American ban on Clotheslines ·

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I cannot take credit for inventing this slogan – it is the name of a movement that fights against state laws and community bans on drying your laundry outside. Officially more than 60 million Americans are prohibited from hanging their laundry outside, in their own yards or balconies and porches. The 2 minute clip below is a poignant introduction to what served the interest of the electricity industry (with former President Regan and Nancy as their spokespeople!) and those selling dryers. https://vimeo.com/36605168

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Hurrah for sustainability movements that fight these bans with clever digging out of laws that can be used against them. As of 2012 they voided the ban (or made it unenforceable) in 19 states (including Oregon) by referral to solar access laws. Many of these are from the 1970s and hidden clauses in state property laws. A 1979 Oregon Law, for example, says any restrictions on “solar radiation as a source for heating, cooling or electrical energy” are “void and unenforceable.” Clotheslines appear to fit under the umbrella of Oregon’s and other states’ solar rights because systems for hang-drying rely on the sun’s radiation to evaporate water in wet laundry. Given how much electricity and money you save, prolonging the lifetime of your clothing and eliminating pollution, it seems insane not to allow outside drying. (However, my clothesline does not look as arranged as this one….)IMG_5097

Since my photos were taken in Italy I though it fitting to match them with Lavanderas, by an Italian painter, Antonio Donghi (1897- 1963), who was part of Italy’s neoclassical movement in the 1920s and was sometimes compared to Rousseau. Unknown

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The Aftermath

· The lingering effects of war ·

Today is the last day to introduce a montage for a movement of Karl Jenkins’ The Armed Man –  I chose Now that the Guns have stopped (Music here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ac6IHmzVjvg). If you want to see the remaining ones you need to come to Astoria on May 21/22…..

The lyrics to this movement were written by historian Guy Wilson, who was then Master of the Royal Armouries Museum which commissioned the musical mass. They tell of survivor’s guilt, the shame and loss of having been privileged to survive when friends and comrades did not. This is only one of the aspects that haunt those who survived war – post traumatic stress, as it is called these days, is another all too faithful companion for many who lived through hell, victims as much as perpetrators. Loss of limb(s) or other physical ailments incurred in war make it hard to return to the life once known, forcing different job choices, if there is employment at all. Hunger in post-war societies, the psychological burdens of rape victims, the displacement after your country is no longer yours, all contribute to an aftermath that lingers when the history books have long closed the case on the actual conflict.

Psychological research shows that for those families where parents were under extreme stress situations like concentration camps, and where one or both parents have a tendency to dissociate strongly, even the second generation can be psychological affected in their ability to cope. Most of the second generation, however, shows resilience, as did after some time many of the first. So there is some hope. http://www.jpost.com/Health-and-Science/Holocaust-survivor-trauma-rare-in-2nd-generation

The montage tries to capture the lingering of the wounds and trauma of war. Like all of the works in this project it tries to convey that we have to fight for the alternative, in small and large measures, together, for peace.

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Sacrificial Lamb or Sheep for Slaughter?

· The Armed Man/Agnus Dei ·

I remember the collective gasp of students in my social psychology class when they saw a movie about gender differences – often assumed to disadvantage women. They heard Ursula LeGuin, a feminist if there ever was one, hold forth on the fate of young men: across the centuries they were expendable, used as cannon fodder. The role of sacrifice – in the case of the Agnus Dei, the lamb of God, to save all of humanity, in the case of the soldier to save the fatherland – runs through almost all historical narratives like a red thread. Where runs the line, though, between the selfless lamb and the flock of dumb sheep?

Karl Jenkins’ movement Agnes Dei (music here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgvqkL4qlow) is one in a long succession of sometimes stunning compositions using the liturgical theme (and handily provided by Wikipedia.) Not the worst company….

The montage used a grieving figure from a grave side in a Paris cemetery. It struck me that I found only female figures displaying emotional distress or anguish – the men, if depicted at all, usually have their likeness, mustaches, pith helmets and all, carved in stone, or they are displayed as resting bodies. Mourning is women’s work, it looks like. After all, male display of emotions around death and dying might weaken the resolve of the next round of cannon fodder……
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Firestorm

· The Armed Man/Angry Flames & Torches ·

9 Torches A copyFreud wrote in Civilization and Its Discontents (1930), “The present cultural state of America would give us a good opportunity for studying the damage to civilization which is thus to be feared.” His enduring nightmare, that America, with its notions of Exceptionalism and Manifest Destiny, would be “gain[ing] control over the forces of nature to such an extent that with their help they would have no difficulty in exterminating one another to the last man” was made real in 1945. In August of that year atomic bombs were deployed over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing over 100.000 people immediately, 10s of thousands through radiation exposure later, and devastated most of the attacked cities. Current talk of “Let’s make America great again!” hints at a willingness to repeat this kind of strategic annihilation, and one wonders if and what we’ve learned from history, if anything at all; it also makes Freud seem quite prescient.

Jenkins’ The Armed Man devotes two movements to the horror caused by nuclear incendiary devices, Angry Flames (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fy3K9wbHA7w) and Torches (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=roNU_ORGTSk). I configured the landscape in the montage Angry Flames as some kind of Rohrschach depiction in reference to the Freudian analysis. I added photographs of figures from a sculpture which has an interesting history. A war memorial in Hamburg, celebrating soldiers with the slogan “Germany must live even if we have to die,” is now prominently faced with a “counter-memorial,” a sculpture by Alfre Hrdlicka that depicts the Hamburg firestorm (the largest areal bombing before Dresden and Hiroshima by allied forces) and the loss of life when concentration camp inmates were put on board of a ship that the British sank.

For Torches I used a photograph of an amazing exhibit I saw in Paris, that documented a different kind of loss of life: Prune Nourry’s Terracotta Daughters.

(http://www.prunenourry.com/en/projects/terracotta-daughters.)

The artist created over a hundred of these girls to point to selective abortion practices in Asia, which have far reaching consequences.

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Käthe Kollwitz (1867 – 1945)

· The Armed Man/Kyrie Eleison ·

The third movement of Jenkins’ The Armed Man is called Kyrie Eleison (Lord, have Mercy on us) – music here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C5BfirqTqm8.  In response to this plea I created a montage around a sculpture by Käthe Kollwitz. The sculpture depicts a grieving mother holding her fallen son and is located at the Neue Wache in Berlin, a memorial that commemorates the victims of war and tyranny http://www.visitberlin.de/en/spot/neue-wache-memorial. Kollwitz lost her own son in the first weeks of WW I in Flanders – as an underage volunteer he had needed his parents written consent to enlist. His father refused, but his mother’s declared patriotism led her to persuade him to provide the signature. She worked for 18 years after her son’s death to finish a sculpture commemorating the losses for parents – it is placed near the Flander’s grave of the soldier.

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We associate the topics of death, war, loss, poverty and parental love very much with this particular artist. Along comes a fascinating biography, Kollwitz by Yury and Sonya Winterberg http://www.randomhouse.de/Buch/Kollwitz/Yury-Winterberg/e446036.rhd, which shines new light on her life and work. New to me, anyhow. Painstaking archival work and interviews with three of her surviving grandchildren reveal an even more complex story. On the one hand, she was preoccupied with death, growing up in a household that saw three of her siblings perish young. On the other hand, she possessed an extraordinary life force, was sensual, and openly acknowledged her bisexuality. The love for her children, it is hinted in the narrative, was overbearing bordering on abuse when it came to interacting with her sons in sexualized situations. Her self-assurenedness made her a center of her social circles, and many a famous artist, including Ernst Barlach and Berthold Brecht adored her. Her membership in diverse women’ organizations can be counted as early feminist engagement.

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She looms large as a model for progressive political engagement – the Nazis eventually declared her art degenerate – and yet many of her most famous political posters were commissioned, with her complaining that she was “dragged” into politics. She wrote about her son’s death as a sacrifice that would be a source for creative renewal in her own work, but mourned the loss of her oldest grandson in WW II as final proof that “war is wasting the seeds of the future.” She was strong, demanding, ahead of her times and probably hard to live with. Her art work is extraordinary (over 100 self-portraits alone) and much of it a timely reminder of the ravages of war.

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Never again war

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Kunsthalle im Lipsiusbau Dresden

· Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden ·

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Dresden, often called”Florence at the river Elbe,” is a beautiful city, and one of contrasts. Having suffered through one of the worst allied bombing attacks of WW II which cost 25.000 lives and burnt much of its famous architecture, the old part of town is now restored and glorious. The new part of town, on the other side of the river, is vibrant and artsy.  Dresden is, however, also home to the far-right PEGIDA (Patriotic Europeans against the Islamisation of the West) movement and a stronghold of the populist party AfD (Alternative for Germany) that scored mightily in recent state elections despite (or because of) its anti-immigrant, nationalistic, and authoritarian leanings.

The upcoming exhibition in the Lipsiusbau (its dome nicknamed the lemon squeezer) is thus a timely look into some of the horrid ideas associated with neo-nazi and other right-wing movements. Surveying the non-human – On the aesthetics of racism explores how racists often tried to justify their notions with scientific arguments. http://www.skd.museum/en/special-exhibitions/surveying-the-non-human/index.html (link in english). Among other things, the project displays an as yet unexamined obsessive collection of pictures by the Dresden ethnologist and anthropologist Bernhard Struck (1888—1971) as well as pieces by Fabio Mauri and Arnold Franck. I am reminded of the fabulous Carri Mae Weems show at the Portland Art Museum some years back. Her work tackled the same issues through photography.

Since today is Yom HaShoa and anti-Semitism is alive and well in some parts of those populist movements, I am adding one of my favorite photos of the New Synagogue in Dresden. Completed in 2001, it was built on the same location as the Semper Synagogue (1839–1840) which was destroyed in 1938, during Kristallnacht. The building stands at the edge of Dresden’s old town, the latter carefully restored in all its baroque  detail, the former refusing to be a replica of what was lost (although some parts of the destroyed synagogue are incorporated into the walls.) It is a dramatically modernist building, built slightly off plumb, to remind of the traditional isolation of the Jewish community from the city.

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